Investigations into the mechanism of glyphosate resistance in. Demography of lolium rigidum in winter barley crops. Their results suggest a single origin for lolium as well as a geographical structure following an eastwest cline. The dominant habit is erect, but the species is variable in habit, ranging from dense. Evolution of glyphosate resistance in a lolium rigidum. Progress in determining the origin of the glyphosateresistant ryegrass in california. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 422874 with original publication details.
Surveys across southern australia found annual ryegrass in 86% of canola. However, this species also invades natural vegetation and is regarded as an environmental weed in victoria and western australia. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. Quando madura e mais alto e pode ser separado do trigo. Extremely high cytoplasmic diversity in natural and. This survey revealed a high level of polymorphism, with an average number of alleles per locus of 23. Provided by ars systematic botany and mycology laboratory. The location of each surveyed population is indicated by a point. Genetic diversity and structure of lolium species surveyed. Ssrs transferability and genetic diversity of three allogamous. It was observed that the specific thermal powertimecurves of the susceptible and resistant biotypes growing on water control were qualitatively similar. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. The plant list includes 123 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus lolium.
Lolium rigidum is a diploid grass with a chromosome number of n7 2n14. Lolium rigidum article about lolium rigidum by the free. In south africa this weed first evolved multiple resistance to 3 herbicide sites of action in 2003 and infests grapes. The calorimetric measurements were done on the 4dayold seedlings of susceptible and resistant biotypes of rigid ryegrass lolium rigidum goud. Powles cr for weed management systems, waite campus, university of adelaide, pmb 1 glen osmond sa 5064, australia. While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. It is a native of southern europe, northern africa, the middle east and the indian subcontinent and is grown as a forage crop, particularly in australia. Its use in the usa has been primarily for turf but interest in it, and opportunity for using it as a forage crop, is increasing.
Perennial ryegrass has short, nonclasping auricles and the seed has no awns. Lolium definition is a genus of grasses characterized by tworanked manyflowered spikelets. According to nzflora 2012 new zealand plant names name. Crossand multiple herbicide resistant lolium rigidum guad. Du kannst deine spiele aber weiterhin uber eine altere originversion. Evolved resistance to glyphosate in rigid ryegrass lolium rigidum in australia stephen b. Agrobacteriummediated transformation of lolium rigidum gaud. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for species profiles. Lolium rigidum seeds placed in nylon bags were buried in pots at 5 and.
Species, code, original id, origin, breeding state, sample size. Deste genero podemse destacar duas especies com valor forrageiro lolium multiflorum ervacastelhana, e o lolium perenne azevem. The inflorescence is a tworanked spike, and the spikelets are multiflorous and laterally compressed, that is, appressed to the spikes axis on the narrow side. Lolium rigidum annual ryegrass is used as a pasture plant, but it is also a major weed in many regions of the world, particularly those with mediterraneantype climates kloot, 1983. Lolium rigidum is an annual species, very similar to l. It is often called ryegrass, but this term is sometimes used to refer to grasses in other genera they are characterized by bunchlike growth habits. Introduced in russian far east, south africa, north and south america locally, australasia.
Lolium rigidum common name annual ryegrass family poaceae authority lolium rigidum gaudin. Media in category lolium rigidum the following 21 files are in this category, out of 21 total. Apr 21, 2017 the genus lolium first diversified in the eastern mediterranean region around 4. These particular biotypes are known to have resistance to glyphosate. Genetic characterization and diversity of rathayibacter toxicus. Poaceae update for itis, in cooperation with natureserve, and based on the catalogue of new world grasses database and other sources. Keywords lolium rigidum wimmera ryegrass agrobacterium mediated transformation forage grass weed introduction lolium rigidum gaud. A germination of unheated and heattreated seeds when imbibed on agar containing no plant growth regulators control, 50. Brief description grazyna paczkowska, wednesday 24 november 1993.
Accase inhibitors a1 als inhibitors b2 microtubule inhibitors k australia south australia south australia. Experiments demonstrate that glyphosate resistance in this population is directly correlated with increased transport of the herbicide to leaf tips. Lolium rigidum gaudin according to nzflora 2012 new zealand plant names name based concepts subordinate taxon concept full name lolium temulentum l. Current status in herbicide resistance in lolium rigidum. Tilletia vankyi, a new species of reticulatespored bunt fungus with nonconjugating basidiospores infecting species of festuca and lolium lori m. Media in category lolium rigidumthe following 21 files are in this category, out of 21 total. Lolium is native to europe, asia and northern africa, as well as being cultivated and naturalized in australia, the americas, and various oceanic islands. Pdf crossand multiple herbicide resistant lolium rigidum guad. It exhibits much genetic variability and grows readily in a variety of situations and habitats. Common names by which it is known include annual ryegrass, a name also given to italian ryegrass lolium multiflorum, rigid ryegrass, stiff darnel, swiss ryegrass and wimmera ryegrass. Glyphosate is a widely used nonselective herbicide to which so far only three weed species have evolved resistance. Western weeds initiative, faculty of agriculture, university of western australia, nedlands wa 6907, australia. Lolium is a genus of tufted grasses in the bluegrass subfamily of the grass family. Department of agriculture agricultural research service.
An lolium rigidum in nahilalakip ha genus nga lolium, ngan familia nga poaceae. It displays a high degree of genetic variability, enabling it to rapidly adapt to a range of climatic, edaphic and agricultural situations kloot, 1983. Lolium temulentum definition of lolium temulentum by the. Current status in herbicide resistance in lolium rigidum in. Multiple resistant lolium rigidum from south africa. A single genotype somatic embryogenic callus line, vlr160, was identified from a herbicide. Annual ryegrass lolium rigidum is grown as a pasture grass and is also known a widespread weed of crops in the temperate regions of australia. The inflorescence is a tworanked spike, and the spikelets are multiflorous and laterally. However, the teliospore germination pattern of the bunts on lolium and festuca was different from that reported for both t. Pdf agrobacteriummediated transformation of lolium rigidum. Lolium rigidum gaudin is an accepted name this name is the accepted name of a species in the genus lolium family poaceae.
The basis for glyphosate resistance in rigid ryegrass lolium. Information and translations of lolium in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions. Investigations into the mechanism of glyphosate resistance. Like many annual weeds, one reason for the persistence of l. Genetic characterization and diversity of rathayibacter. The basis for glyphosate resistance in rigid ryegrass lolium rigidum from california volume 56 issue 2 marulak simarmata, donald penner skip to main content accessibility help we use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Genetic diversity and structure of lolium species surveyed on. Survey and detection of endophytic fungi in lolium germ. Riley lolium rigidum western australia, 1978 fh81 crk73dy dark a.
Agrobacteriummediated transformation of lolium rigidum. Here, we report on the mechanism of glyphosate resistance in one resistant population of lolium rigidum gaud. Lolium canariense canary islands ryegrass, lolium edwardii, lolium multiflorum italian ryegrass, lolium persicum persian ryegrass or persian darnel, lolium remotum, lolium rigidum stiff darnel, wimmera ryegrass, lolium temulentum darnel, poison darnel other species. According to nzflora 2012 new zealand plant names name based concepts subordinate taxon concept full name lolium temulentum l. The plants database includes the following 7 species of lolium. Rigid ryegrass lolium rigidum is a monocot weed in the poaceae family. To assess the genetic diversity and population structure of lolium species, we used 32 nuclear simple sequence repeat ssr markers and 7 cytoplasmic gene markers to analyze a total of 357 individuals from 162 accessions of 9 lolium species. Geographical origin of the lolium rigidum populations.
Lolium rigidum in the germplasm resources information network grin, u. General information about lolium rigidum lolri mediterranean, caucasus, western asia, central asia, himalayas, china. There are approximately 15 species according to some data, as many as 40, which are distributed primarily in. Lolium temulentum synonyms, lolium temulentum pronunciation, lolium temulentum translation, english dictionary definition of lolium temulentum. Dormancy and longevity of annual ryegrass lolium rigidum. The basis for glyphosate resistance in rigid ryegrass. Lolium rigidum gaudin wimmera ryegrass subordinate taxa. Description and origin perennial ryegrass is a cool season bunchgrass native to europe, asia and north africa. An lolium rigidum in uska species han liliopsida nga ginhulagway ni charles gaudichaudbeaupre. Effects of soil type, time, depth of seed burial and rainfall pattern were investigated on the longevity of glyphosate resistant annual ryegrass lolium rigidum gaudin in the northern summer rainfall dominant grain region of australia in a 16 month experiment conducted under polyhouse conditions. We do not intend the plant list to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. Survey and detection of endophytic fungi in lolium germ plasm by direct staining and aphid assays a. Lolium definition of lolium by the free dictionary.
The plant list includes a further 98 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus lolium. Lolium rigidum wimmera ryegrass lolium temulentum darnel ryegrass legal status. Development of herbicide resistance in annual ryegrass populations lolium rigidum gaud. Lolium definition and meaning collins english dictionary. Effect of dry heat pretreatment 50 c for 48 h and plant growth regulators on lolium rigidum seed germination. Isotype of lolium rigidum gaudin variety duthiei hack. Evolved resistance to glyphosate in rigid ryegrass lolium. The genus lolium first diversified in the eastern mediterranean region around 4. Lolium ryegrass, a genus of perennial or annual herbs of the family gramineae. Dan wilson, postdoctoral research associate, stephen l.
1224 1356 719 1312 1202 1387 1068 27 730 577 915 1542 55 1220 1592 1150 382 199 1542 670 1441 229 1213 1420 1304 1103 117 1164 135 834 619 216 185 770 352 1005 223 147 1123 722